A list of published studies can be found in the Manual. These studies detailed the continuing development of parallel passages, the collection of grade ‘norms’ or benchmarks, the establishment of the test’s reliability and validity, the exploration of gender differences, and so on. This involved thousands of children at different grade levels (Years 2 to 5), and has established the WARP passages as both highly reliable and valid indicators of overall reading performance. in a flare to the floor, this type is a synonym of exquisite evening fashion. Subsequently, the WARP has been the subject of several empirical studies to establish its technical characteristics. The process of moving different warp yarns up and down while the weft yarn. These passages were trialled with children in many schools. This resulted in a set of generic 200-word passages, each comprising an entire story, of roughly equal difficulty. Work on the WARP commenced at Macquarie University Special Education Centre (MUSEC) in 1995 with a view to develop a literacy skills test that provided a means of tracking reading progress, particularly of low-progress readers, to a level that represents functional literacy. Read our WARP FAQs below, including on the research undertaken on WARP. Synonyms for teleport include beam, send, take, transfer, transplant, transport, carry, convey, dislocate and displace. During and following intervention, the WARP can be used to monitor progress and the WARP chart provides a quick and simple means of illustrating the progress a student is making.Īs the WARP can be used both for screening as well as for measuring students’ ongoing progress, it provides teachers with an early-warning signal identifying those students who may require additional intervention. If a student is performing in the bottom 25% for his/her grade level this would indicate that additional instructional support is needed. The passages are presented in a consistent way each time, following set procedures.Īlthough the WARP has not been standardized in the traditional sense, provisional WARP benchmarks have been provided to help identify students who are falling behind. The WARP has been shown to correlate very highly with more general measures of reading accuracy as well as reading comprehension. The number of words read correctly in that minute is a measure of the student’s level of oral reading fluency. Students read for just one minute from specially written 200-word passages, which have been designed to be of similar difficulty level.

The Initial Assessment should take no longer than five minutes (as it involves reading three passages of 1 minute each and averaging the three results) but the Progress Monitoring Assessment should take no longer than one minute per assessment. Both the Initial Assessment and the Progress Monitoring Assessment are carried out on a one-to-one basis between the tester and the student.

Warp synonym